St. Bernard of Clairvaux details the spiritual descent from initial curiosity to deep-seated pride and alienation in his treatise The Steps of Humility and Pride. [1, 2]
The Root: Curiosity (Curiositas)
• Wandering eyes and ears: Bernard identifies curiosity as the first and lowest degree of pride. It begins when a person stops looking inward to examine their own soul and instead looks outward with a restless, critical gaze toward others.
• Neglect of the self: Instead of guarding the heart, the curious person lets their senses wander through trivial observations, gossip, and judgment, opening the door to spiritual sickness.
The Escalation to Pride
Bernard maps out a twelve-step downward spiral of pride that grows out of this initial distraction:
- Curiosity: Inquisitive and unfocused observation of others.
- Levity of mind: Unsettled thoughts and a lack of serious inner reflection.
- Giddiness: Frivolous behavior and careless speech.
- Boasting: Exalting oneself and talking up personal achievements.
- Singularity: Insisting on standing out or acting uniquely to draw attention.
- Self-conceit: Inflated self-appreciation and emotional detachment from reality.
- Presumption: Overstepping rightful boundaries and assuming authority one does not possess.
- Self-justification: Defending one's faults and refusing to admit wrong.
- Hypocritical confession: Fake or insincere expressions of remorse.
- Revolt: Open defiance against legitimate authority, rules, or God Himself.
- Freedom to sin: An arrogant insistence on doing whatever one pleases.
- The habit of sinning: Complete spiritual hardening, where sin becomes a permanent state or enslavement.
Relation to Christ and Denial
• Rejection of the Incarnate Model: Christ is the embodiment of divine humility and truth. As pride ascends the ladder, the soul rejects the truth about its own frailty and resists submission to Christ.
• Spiritual Denial: When pride reaches revolt and the habit of sin, the soul functionally denies Christ—not always through a singular verbal disavowal, but by replacing God's authority with self-worship, self-salvation, and a stubborn refusal of His grace.
• The Antidote: Bernard teaches that this trajectory is reversed only through the twelve ascending degrees of humility, starting from the fear of God and honest self-knowledge, which reconnects the soul to Christ's redeeming love.